{"id":2573,"date":"2024-07-08T15:55:03","date_gmt":"2024-07-08T15:55:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.studioodontoiatricopellegrino.it\/?page_id=2573"},"modified":"2024-10-14T08:04:39","modified_gmt":"2024-10-14T08:04:39","slug":"batteri-e-malattia-paradontole","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.studioodontoiatricopellegrino.it\/en_gb\/services\/batteri-e-malattia-paradontole\/","title":{"rendered":"Batteri e malattia parodontale"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><section id=\"bt_bb_section69f0d17c096ce\"  data-background_image_src=\"'https:\/\/www.studioodontoiatricopellegrino.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/background-4.jpg'\" class=\"bt_bb_section bt_bb_color_scheme_1 bt_bb_layout_boxed_1200 bt_bb_vertical_align_top btLazyLoadBackground bt_bb_background_image bt_bb_background_overlay_alternate_solid bt_bb_section_show_left_boxed_content\" style=\"background-image:url(&#039;https:\/\/www.studioodontoiatricopellegrino.it\/wp-content\/plugins\/bold-page-builder\/img\/blank.gif&#039;);;background-color:#0e54ae;\" data-bt-override-class=\"null\"><div class=\"bt_bb_port\"><div class=\"bt_bb_cell\"><div class=\"bt_bb_cell_inner\"><div class=\"bt_bb_row  bt_bb_column_gap_25\" style=\"; --column-gap:25px;\" data-bt-override-class=\"{}\"><div class=\"bt_bb_row_holder\" ><div  class=\"bt_bb_column col-xl-6 bt_bb_align_left bt_bb_vertical_align_middle bt_bb_animation_fade_in animate bt_bb_padding_double\"  data-width=\"6\" data-bt-override-class=\"{}\"><div class=\"bt_bb_column_content\"><div class=\"bt_bb_separator bt_bb_border_style_none bt_bb_top_spacing_small bt_bb_bottom_spacing_normal\" data-bt-override-class=\"null\"><\/div><header class=\"bt_bb_headline bt_bb_font_weight_bolder bt_bb_dash_none bt_bb_size_huge bt_bb_align_inherit bt_bb_dash_type_none\" data-bt-override-class=\"{&quot;bt_bb_size_&quot;:{&quot;current_class&quot;:&quot;bt_bb_size_huge&quot;,&quot;def&quot;:&quot;huge&quot;,&quot;xl&quot;:&quot;huge&quot;},&quot;bt_bb_align_&quot;:{&quot;current_class&quot;:&quot;bt_bb_align_inherit&quot;,&quot;def&quot;:&quot;inherit&quot;,&quot;xl&quot;:&quot;inherit&quot;}}\"><h1 class=\"bt_bb_headline_tag\"><span class=\"bt_bb_headline_content\"><span>Batteri e malattia parodontale<\/span><\/span><\/h1><\/header><div class=\"bt_bb_separator bt_bb_border_style_none bt_bb_bottom_spacing_small\" data-bt-override-class=\"null\"><\/div><div  class=\"bt_bb_text\" ><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nel nostro studio utilizziamo quotidianamente l\u2019approccio con probiotici per ripristinare lo stato di salute orale combattendo la carie e la malattia parodontale.<\/p>\n<p>\n<\/div><div class=\"bt_bb_separator bt_bb_border_style_solid bt_bb_top_spacing_small bt_bb_bottom_spacing_small\" data-bt-override-class=\"null\"><\/div><div class=\"bt_bb_column_highlight\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div  class=\"bt_bb_column col-xl-6 bt_bb_align_left bt_bb_vertical_align_middle bt_bb_animation_fade_in animate bt_bb_padding_normal btLazyLoadBackground bt_bb_column_background_image bt_bb_mobile_align_to_both_edges\" style=\"padding: 0;background-image:url(&#039;https:\/\/www.studioodontoiatricopellegrino.it\/wp-content\/plugins\/bold-page-builder\/img\/blank.gif&#039;);\" data-background_image_src='https:\/\/www.studioodontoiatricopellegrino.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/batteri.jpg' data-width=\"6\" data-bt-override-class=\"{&quot;bt_bb_align_&quot;:{&quot;current_class&quot;:&quot;bt_bb_align_left&quot;,&quot;def&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;xl&quot;:&quot;left&quot;},&quot;bt_bb_padding_&quot;:{&quot;current_class&quot;:&quot;bt_bb_padding_normal&quot;,&quot;def&quot;:&quot;normal&quot;,&quot;xl&quot;:&quot;normal&quot;}}\"><div class=\"bt_bb_column_content\"><div class=\"bt_bb_separator bt_bb_border_style_none bt_bb_top_spacing_extra_large bt_bb_bottom_spacing_extra_large\" data-bt-override-class=\"null\"><\/div><div class=\"bt_bb_separator bt_bb_border_style_none bt_bb_top_spacing_extra_large bt_bb_bottom_spacing_extra_large\" data-bt-override-class=\"null\"><\/div><div class=\"bt_bb_column_highlight\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"bt_bb_section69f0d17c0a2d1\" data-parallax=\"0.7\" data-parallax-offset=\"400\" data-background_image_src=\"'https:\/\/www.studioodontoiatricopellegrino.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/background-3.png'\" class=\"bt_bb_section bt_bb_layout_boxed_1200 bt_bb_vertical_align_top bt_bb_parallax btLazyLoadBackground bt_bb_background_image\" style=\"background-image:url(&#039;https:\/\/www.studioodontoiatricopellegrino.it\/wp-content\/plugins\/bold-page-builder\/img\/blank.gif&#039;);z-index: 2;background-size:100% auto;\" data-bt-override-class=\"null\"><div class=\"bt_bb_port\"><div class=\"bt_bb_cell\"><div class=\"bt_bb_cell_inner\"><div class=\"bt_bb_row  bt_bb_column_gap_25\" style=\"margin-top: -3em;; --column-gap:25px;\" data-bt-override-class=\"{}\"><div class=\"bt_bb_row_holder\" ><div  class=\"bt_bb_column col-xl-8 bt_bb_align_left bt_bb_vertical_align_top bt_bb_animation_fade_in animate bt_bb_padding_normal\"  data-width=\"8\" data-bt-override-class=\"{}\"><div class=\"bt_bb_column_content\"><div class=\"bt_bb_separator bt_bb_border_style_none bt_bb_top_spacing_normal bt_bb_bottom_spacing_large\" data-bt-override-class=\"null\"><\/div><header class=\"bt_bb_headline bt_bb_font_weight_bolder bt_bb_color_scheme_17 bt_bb_dash_none bt_bb_size_extralarge bt_bb_align_inherit bt_bb_dash_type_none\" style=\"; --primary-color:#0e54ae; --secondary-color:#08a9c9;\" data-bt-override-class=\"{&quot;bt_bb_size_&quot;:{&quot;current_class&quot;:&quot;bt_bb_size_extralarge&quot;,&quot;def&quot;:&quot;extralarge&quot;,&quot;xl&quot;:&quot;extralarge&quot;},&quot;bt_bb_align_&quot;:{&quot;current_class&quot;:&quot;bt_bb_align_inherit&quot;,&quot;def&quot;:&quot;inherit&quot;,&quot;xl&quot;:&quot;inherit&quot;}}\"><h2 class=\"bt_bb_headline_tag\"><span class=\"bt_bb_headline_content\"><span><small>Trattamento della malattia parodontale<\/small><br \/><br \/>\nL\u2019utilizzo dei probiotici per la salute orale<\/span><\/span><\/h2><\/header><div class=\"bt_bb_separator bt_bb_border_style_none bt_bb_bottom_spacing_small\" data-bt-override-class=\"null\"><\/div><div  class=\"bt_bb_text\" ><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u2019impiego di strumenti meccanici, spazzolino elettrico specificamente, e di sistemi per la detersione degli spazi interprossimali (scovolino e\/o filo interdentale) nonch\u00e9 l\u2019ausilio di sciacqui a base di Clorexidina o di Olii Essenziali paiono essere la base per la prevenzione della malattia parodontale e delle sue eventuali <a href=\"https:\/\/www.studioodontoiatricopellegrino.it\/en_gb\/services\/igiene-orale\/\">recidive.<\/a> Questo approccio \u00e8 stato alla base dei protocolli utilizzati nel nostro studio per anni nel campo delle prestazioni parodontali.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Oramai, per\u00f2, \u00a0\u00e8 una evidenza scientifica che l\u2019utilizzo dei probiotici pu\u00f2 migliorare alcuni esiti clinici nei pazienti affetti da parodontite (miglioramento dei parametri critici, migliore gestione del biofilm correlato alla placca batterica, riduzione del rischio di peggioramento della malattia) e dunque possono essere considerati come coadiuvanti durante la terapia di mantenimento.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Teughels W, Loozen G, Quirynen M. Do probiotics offer opportunities to manipulate the periodontal oral microbiota? J Clin Periodontol 2011;38 (Suppl. 1):158\u2013176.<\/li>\n<li>Grusovin MG, Bossini S, Calza S, Cappa V, Garzetti G, Scotti E, Gherlone EF, Mensi M. Clinical efficacy of Lactobacillus reuteri-containing lozenges in the supportive therapy of generalized periodontitis stage III and IV, grade C: 1-year results of a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled pilot study. Clin Oral Investig 2020 Jun;24(6):2015-2024.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Ma nonostante siano stati pubblicati numerosi articoli sull\u2019uso di probiotici nel trattamento della parodontite, il loro impiego in odontoiatria \u00e8 ancora agli albori.<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Laleman I, Yilmaz E, Ozcelik O, Haytac C, Pauwels M, Herrero ER, et al. The effect of a streptococci containing probiotic in periodontal therapy: A randomized controlled trial. J Clin Periodontol. 2015;42:1032\u201341.<\/li>\n<li>Vicario M, Santos A, Violant D, Nart J, Giner L \u201cClinical changes in periodontal subjects with the probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri Prodentis: a preliminary randomized clinical trial. Acta Odontol Scand. 2013 May-Jul; 71(3-4):813-9.<\/li>\n<li>Teughels W, Durukan A, Ozcelik O, Pauwels M, Quirynen M, Haytac MC \u201cClinical and microbiological effects of Lactobacillus reuteri probiotics in the treatment of chronic periodontitis: a randomized placebo-controlled study\u201d. J Clin Periodontol. 2013 Nov; 40(11):1025-35.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<\/div><div class=\"bt_bb_separator bt_bb_border_style_none bt_bb_top_spacing_extra_small bt_bb_bottom_spacing_small\" data-bt-override-class=\"null\"><\/div><header class=\"bt_bb_headline bt_bb_font_weight_bolder bt_bb_color_scheme_17 bt_bb_dash_none bt_bb_size_extralarge bt_bb_align_inherit bt_bb_dash_type_none\" style=\"; --primary-color:#0e54ae; --secondary-color:#08a9c9;\" data-bt-override-class=\"{&quot;bt_bb_size_&quot;:{&quot;current_class&quot;:&quot;bt_bb_size_extralarge&quot;,&quot;def&quot;:&quot;extralarge&quot;,&quot;xl&quot;:&quot;extralarge&quot;},&quot;bt_bb_align_&quot;:{&quot;current_class&quot;:&quot;bt_bb_align_inherit&quot;,&quot;def&quot;:&quot;inherit&quot;,&quot;xl&quot;:&quot;inherit&quot;}}\"><h2 class=\"bt_bb_headline_tag\"><span class=\"bt_bb_headline_content\"><span><small>Qualche notizia in pi\u00f9 sui<\/small><br \/><br \/>\nProbiotici <\/span><\/span><\/h2><\/header><div class=\"bt_bb_separator bt_bb_border_style_none bt_bb_top_spacing_extra_small bt_bb_bottom_spacing_small\" data-bt-override-class=\"null\"><\/div><div  class=\"bt_bb_text\" ><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">La parola probiotici si traduce letteralmente come \u201ca favore della vita\u201d \u2013 a differenza di antibiotici, il cui significato \u00e8 \u201ccontro la vita\u201d. L\u2019Organizzazione Mondiale della Sanit\u00e0 definisce i probiotici come microrganismi viventi che, quando somministrati in quantit\u00e0 adeguate, apportano un beneficio nella salute di chi li assume.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Criteri importanti perch\u00e8 un probiotico sia qualificato come tale sono quindi il fatto che i batteri siano vivi e che abbiano effetti dimostrati in studi clinici. Inoltre, il probiotico disponibile in commercio deve contenere lo stesso ceppo batterico (o ceppi) e la stessa dose utilizzata negli studi clinici, un requisito accuratamente rispettato da Sunstar.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Prima che un microrganismo possa effettivamente essere utilizzato come un probiotico deve quindi soddisfare i prerequisiti di sicurezza clinica, apportare un comprovato beneficio alla salute, attraversare intatto il tratto gastrointestinale e avere idoneit\u00e0 tecnologica. Gli effetti dei probiotici sono stati dimostrati per vari ceppi di Limosilactobacillus che si trovano naturalmente nell\u2019intestino.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Questi includono Limosilactobacillus reuteri, Limosilactobacillus rhamnosus, Limosilactobacillus acidophilus, Limosilactobacillus casei e Bifidobacterium lactis.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I probiotici sono disponibili in commercio come additivo negli alimenti, come integratori alimentari o sotto forma di farmaci. Sono stati utilizzati per diversi decenni nel trattamento della diarrea, disturbi gastrointestinali o per stimolare il sistema immunitario, cos\u00ec come nelle allergie. <u>Gli effetti avversi sono considerati rari.<\/u><\/p>\n<p>\n<\/div><div class=\"bt_bb_separator bt_bb_border_style_none bt_bb_top_spacing_extra_small bt_bb_bottom_spacing_small\" data-bt-override-class=\"null\"><\/div><header class=\"bt_bb_headline bt_bb_font_weight_bolder bt_bb_color_scheme_17 bt_bb_dash_none bt_bb_size_extralarge bt_bb_align_inherit bt_bb_dash_type_none\" style=\"; --primary-color:#0e54ae; --secondary-color:#08a9c9;\" data-bt-override-class=\"{&quot;bt_bb_size_&quot;:{&quot;current_class&quot;:&quot;bt_bb_size_extralarge&quot;,&quot;def&quot;:&quot;extralarge&quot;,&quot;xl&quot;:&quot;extralarge&quot;},&quot;bt_bb_align_&quot;:{&quot;current_class&quot;:&quot;bt_bb_align_inherit&quot;,&quot;def&quot;:&quot;inherit&quot;,&quot;xl&quot;:&quot;inherit&quot;}}\"><h2 class=\"bt_bb_headline_tag\"><span class=\"bt_bb_headline_content\"><span><small><\/small><br \/><br \/>\nPer chi sono indicati?<\/span><\/span><\/h2><\/header><div class=\"bt_bb_separator bt_bb_border_style_none bt_bb_top_spacing_extra_small bt_bb_bottom_spacing_small\" data-bt-override-class=\"null\"><\/div><div  class=\"bt_bb_text\" ><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I principali destinatari di probiotici sono i pazienti con problemi di igiene orale.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u2019uso di probiotici \u00e8 indicato nei pazienti con parodontite come terapia anti-infettiva e come terapia di mantenimento parodontale dopo l\u2019intervento, come anche nelle donne in gravidanza, fumatori e pazienti ad alto rischio di carie, nonch\u00e8 ai pazienti in trattamento prolungato con Clorexidina.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In generale l\u2019uso di probiotici orali \u00e8 raccomandato anche alle persone che non sono in grado di prendersi cura correttamente della loro salute orale.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"color: #0e54ae;\"><strong>Effetti dei probiotici sull\u2019infiammazione parodontale<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">La parodontite \u00e8 una patologia infiammatoria conseguente all\u2019esposizione prolungata dei tessuti parodontali ai batteri patogeni. I probiotici sono batteri in grado di esercitare effetti benefici sull\u2019organismo. Tali benefici sono stati dimostrati in diverse patologie del tratto gastro-intestinale (morbo di Crohn, coliti ulcerative ecc.) e sono stati imputati a due meccanismi. Da un lato, la capacit\u00e0 dei probiotici di regolare e riequilibrare i meccanismi infiammatori; dall\u2019altro, il meccanismo di competizione che si instaura tra i probiotici e i batteri patogeni e che diminuisce la prevalenza dei secondi. Diversi studi hanno dimostrato un effetto benefico dei probiotici sulla salute del cavo orale, in particolare sulla diminuzione dei parametri infiammatori della parodontite. Tali studi hanno valutato l\u2019effetto di diversi ceppi di probiotici, somministrati con diverse modalit\u00e0.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Per chi volesse saperne di pi\u00f9 \u2026\u2026..<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #0e54ae;\">BIBLIOGRAFIA DI RIFERIMENTO<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hajishengallis G, Liang S, Payne MA, et al. Low-abundance biofilm species orchestrates inflammatory periodontal disease through the commensal microbiota and complement. Cell Host Microbe 2011;10(5):497-506.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Jin LJ, Lamster IB, Greenspan JS, Pitts NB, Scully C, Warnakulasuriya S. Global burden of oral diseases: emerging concepts, management and interplay with systemic health. Oral Dis 2016;22(7):609-19.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Socransky SS, Haffajee AD, Cugini MA, Smith C, Kent RL Jr. Microbial complexes in subgingival plaque. J Clin Periodontol 1998;25(2):134-44.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Huang N, Gibson FC 3rd. Immuno-pathogenesis of periodontal disease: current and emerging paradigms. Curr Oral Health Rep 2014;1(2):124-32.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hajishengallis, G. &amp; Lamont, R. J. Beyond the red complex and into more complexity: the polymicrobial synergy and dysbiosis (PSD) model of periodontal disease etiology. Mol. Oral. Microbiol. 27, 409\u2013419.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hajishengallis, G. The inflammophilic character of the periodontitis-associated microbiota. Mol. Oral. Microbiol. 29, 248\u2013257.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Aimetti M. Nonsurgical periodontal treatment. Int J Esthet Dent 2014;9(2):251-67.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cobb CM. Clinical significance of non-surgical periodontal therapy: an evidence-based perspective of scaling and root planing. J Clin Periodontol 2002;29(suppl 2):6-16.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">VanderWeijden, G.A.&amp;Timmerman, M.F. A systematic review on the clinical efficacy of subgingival debridementinthetreatment of chronic periodontitis. J. Clin. Periodontol. 29 (Suppl 3), 55\u201371; discussion 90\u201351 (2002).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cobb,C.M.Clinical significance of non-surgical periodontal therapy: an evidence-based perspective of scaling and rootplaning. J. Clin. Periodontol. 29(Suppl 2), 6\u201316 (2002).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Haffajee AD, Teles RP, Socransky SS. The effect of periodontal therapy on the composition of the subgingival microbiota. Periodontol 2000. 2006;42:219-58.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations\/ World Health Organization. Guidelines for the evaluation of probiotics in food. 2002 (https:\/\/www.who.int\/foodsafety\/ fs_management\/en\/probiotic_guidelines.pdf);<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Allaker RP, Stephen AS. Use of probiotics and oral health. Curr Oral Health Rep 2017;4(4):309-18.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ryan CS, Kleinberg I. Bacteria in human mouths involved in the production and utilization of hydrogen peroxide. Arch Oral Biol. 1995;40(8):753\u2013763. 15.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gupta R, Srivastava S. Antifungal effect of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs LR14) derived from Lactobacillus plantarum strain LR\/14 and their applications in prevention of grain spoilage. Food Microbiol. 2014;42:1\u20137.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gillor O, Etzion A, Riley MA. The dual role of bacteriocins as anti- and probiotics. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2008;81(4):591\u2013606.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Parker EA, Roy T, D\u2019Adamo CR, Wieland LS. Probiotics and gastrointestinal conditions: an overview of evidence from the Cochrane Collaboration. Nutrition 2018;45:125-134.e11.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Zmora N, Zilberman-Schapira G, Suez J, et al. Personalized gut mucosal colonization resistance to empiric probiotics is associated with unique host and microbiome features. Cell 2018;174(6):1388-1405.e21.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG; PRISMA Group. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta- analyses: the PRISMA statement. PLoS Med 2009;6(7):e1000097.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Higgins JPT, Green S. Assessing risk of bias in included studies. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 [updated March 2011]. Available at: http:\/\/ handbook-5-1.cochrane.org\/chapter_8\/8_assessing_risk_of_bias_ in_included_studies.htm. Accessed June 11, 2019.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Invernici MM, Furlaneto FAC, Salvador SL, et al. Bifidobac- terium animalis subsp lactis HN019 presents antimicrobial po- tential against periodontopathogens and modulates the im- munological response of oral mucosa in periodontitis patients. PLoS ONE. 2020;15(9).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Invernici MM, Salvador SL, Silva PHF, et al. Effects of Bi- fidobacterium probiotic on the treatment of chronic pe- riodontitis: a randomized clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol. 2018;45(10):1198\u20131210.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Grusovin MG, Bossini S, Calza S, Cappa V, Garzetti G, Scotti E, Gherlone EF, Mensi M. Clincal Efficacy of Lactobacillus reuteri-containing lozenges in the supportive therapy of generalized periodontitis stage III and IV, grade C: 1-year results of a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled pilot study. Clin Oral Investig. 2020;24(6):2015-2024.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Patyna M, Ehlers V, Bahlmann B, Kasaj A. Effects of adjunctive light-activated disinfection and probiotics on clinical and microbiological parameters in periodontal treatment: a randomized, controlled, clinical pilot study. Clin Oral Investig. 2020.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pudgar P, Povsic K, Cuk K, Seme K, Petelin M, Gaspersic R. Probiotic strains of Lactobacillus brevis and Lactobacillus plan- tarum as adjunct to non-surgical periodontal therapy: 3-month results of a randomized controlled clinical trial. Clin Oral Investig. 2020.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pelekos g, Acharya A, Eiji N, Hong G, Leung WK, McGrath C. Effects of adjunctive probiotic L. reuteri lozenges on S\/RSD outcomes at molar sites with deep pockets. J Clin Periodontol. 2020.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Laleman I, Pauwels M, Quirynen M, Teughels W. A dual-strain Lactobacilli reuteri probiotic improves the treatment of residual pockets: a randomized controlled clinical trial. J Clin Periodon- tol. 2020;47(1):43\u201353.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Theodoro LH, Claudio MM, Nuernberg MAA, Miessi DMJ, Batista JA, Duque C, Garcia VG. Effects of Lactobacillus reuteri as an adjunct to the treatment of periodontitis in smokers: randomised clinical trial. Benef Microbes. 2019.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Morales A, Gandolfo A, Bravo J, et al. Microbiological and clin- ical effects of probiotics and antibiotics on nonsurgical treat- ment of chronic periodontitis: a randomized placebo- con- trolled trial with 9-month follow-up. J Appl Oral Sci. 2018;26.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vohra F, Bukhari IA, Sheikh SA, Albaijan R, Naseem M, Hus- sain M. Effectiveness of scaling and root planing with and with- out adjunct probiotic therapy in the treatment of chronic peri- odontitis among shamma users and non-users: a randomized controlled trial. J Periodontol. 2020.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">KrasseP,CarlssonB,DahlC,PaulssonA,NilssonA,SinkiewiczG. Decreased gum bleeding and reduced gingivitis by the probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri. Swed Dent J 2006;30(2):55-60.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tekce M, Ince G, Gursoy H, et al. Clinical and microbiological effects of probiotic lozenges in the treatment of chronic peri- odontitis: a 1-year follow-up study. J Clin Periodontol. 2015;42(4): 363\u2013372.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vivekananda M, Vandana K, Bhat K. Effect of the probiotic Lactobacilli reuteri (Prodentis) in the management of periodontal disease: a preliminary randomized clinical trial. J Oral Microbiol. 2010;2:5344.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ince G, Gursoy H, Ipci DS, Cakar G, Alturfan EE, Ylmaz S. Clinical and biochemical evaluation of lactobacillus reuteri containing loz- enges as an adjunct to nonsurgical periodontal therapy in chronic periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol. 2015;42:126.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Szkaradkiewicz AK, Stopa J, Karpin\u0301ski TM. Effect of oral admin- istration involving a probiotic strain of Lactobacillus reuteri on pro-inflammatory cytokine response in patients with chronic periodontitis.<\/p>\n<p>\n<\/div><div class=\"bt_bb_separator bt_bb_border_style_none bt_bb_bottom_spacing_small\" data-bt-override-class=\"null\"><\/div><div class=\"bt_bb_separator bt_bb_border_style_none bt_bb_top_spacing_normal bt_bb_bottom_spacing_large bt_bb_hidden_md bt_bb_hidden_lg\" data-bt-override-class=\"null\"><\/div><div class=\"bt_bb_column_highlight\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div  class=\"bt_bb_column col-xl-4 bt_bb_align_left bt_bb_vertical_align_top bt_bb_animation_fade_in animate bt_bb_padding_normal\"  data-width=\"4\" data-bt-override-class=\"{}\"><div class=\"bt_bb_column_content\"><div class=\"bt_bb_row_inner\"   data-bt-override-class=\"{}\"><div class=\"bt_bb_row_inner_holder\"  ><div  class=\"bt_bb_column_inner col-xl-12 btDarkSkin bt_bb_align_left bt_bb_vertical_align_top bt_bb_padding_text_indent\" 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Continually reintermediate integrated processes through technically sound intellectual capital. Holistically foster superior methodologies without market-driven best practices.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":147,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"two_page_speed":[]},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.studioodontoiatricopellegrino.it\/en_gb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2573"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.studioodontoiatricopellegrino.it\/en_gb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.studioodontoiatricopellegrino.it\/en_gb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.studioodontoiatricopellegrino.it\/en_gb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.studioodontoiatricopellegrino.it\/en_gb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2573"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/www.studioodontoiatricopellegrino.it\/en_gb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2573\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2960,"href":"https:\/\/www.studioodontoiatricopellegrino.it\/en_gb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2573\/revisions\/2960"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.studioodontoiatricopellegrino.it\/en_gb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/147"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.studioodontoiatricopellegrino.it\/en_gb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2573"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}